Unresolved issues in fundamental physics—such as dark matter, dark energy, the fermion mass hierarchy, the matter–antimatter asymmetry in the universe, and the absence of CP violation in strong interactions—indicate that the Standard Model of particle physics is incomplete, pointing to the need for a more fundamental theory. The absence of particles beyond the Standard Model directly produced in proton collisions at the CERN Large Hadron Collider suggests that such a theory lies beyond the LHC collision energy. However, the quantum nature of high-energy physics allows us to probe dynamics at scales beyond the collision energy through rare processes involving heavy intermediate particles. In this framework, precise measurements of observables that are accurately predicted by the Standard Model provide highly sensitive tests that may reveal new fundamental particles. Flavor physics has long exploited this strategy to search for signs of new phenomena. In this talk, we will discuss the implications and prospects of a selection of recent results in flavor physics, including decays of b-hadrons, kaons, and pions.