Towards a neutrino mass measurement with upcoming cosmological surveys: Old challenges and new opportunities

We have long celebrated the great success of cosmology in predicting the observed properties of the cosmic microwave background.  And yet, for over two decades there has been consistent and slowly mounting evidence that on large scales the CMB is anomalous.   The evidence is consistent from experiment to experiment and it implies the violation of statistical isotropy.   I will discuss this evidence, why it is so compelling, and where it may be pointing us.