Quantum simulation of lattice gauge theories with ultracold atoms

Gauge theories are the cornerstone of our understanding of fundamental interactions among particles.  Describing the evolution of these strongly coupled systems is a formidable challenge for classical computers, and represents one of the key open quests for quantum simulation approaches to particle physics phenomena. In this talk, I will first introduce a method to realize a quantum simulation of U(1) lattice gauge theories coupled to matter, utilizing alkaline-earth(-like) atoms in state-dependent optical lattices. I will then illustrate how this quantum simulator can be used to probe various phenomena, including particle collisions and confinement.