Large-Momentum Effective Theory: Making a difference in the EIC era

For the past few years, large-momentum effective theory (LaMET) have solved a long-standing problem: Obtain the parton distribution functions (PDFs) from first principle lattice calculation. Recent developments of LaMET also extend to the generalized parton distributions (GPDs). However, the transverse-momentum-dependent (TMD) PDFs in LaMET formulation are still unknown, because the TMD factorization induces soft functions which contain two conjugate lightlike directions. Our recent work overcame such obstacle and opened an opportunity for first principle calculation of TMDPDF. Instead of confirming what was measured, lattice QCD now has a chance to make predictions on PDFs, GPDs, and TMDPDFs before construction completion of the EIC.